Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (2024)

A2ch0n

Spymaster

21 Badges

May 30, 2018
1.409
4.259
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (2)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (3)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (4)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (5)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (6)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (7)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (8)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (9)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (10)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (11)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (12)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (13)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (14)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (15)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (16)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (17)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (18)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (19)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (20)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (21)
  • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (22)
  • May 18, 2022
  • Add bookmark
  • #1

So by accident i found the hidden new operation that allow you to destroy a star . I didn't expect this to be honest Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (23)

It is triggered if you kill the Stellarite Devourer Leviathan and select the new option (i was curious what this is) to recover the egg sack instead of reignite the star and complete the Situation. Then you can start to destroy a star of a capital system with the "Consume Star" operation (Sabotage, Military). Of course the reignite star option is missing after that but at least from my point of view that is a low price to pay.

The operation makes a good use of the situation system and can indeed be countered if you're fast enough to research the counter option! I switched per console to look what happens in the target system and i was impressed! If you succeed the operation is this a incredible powerful tool. The star will be destroyd and every planet becomes frozen, destroying everything in the system.

If this is the new prototype operation for a complete espionage rework utilizing the Situation System (like suggested) it would indeed be a furious comeback! I really have hope now!

So i want to say thank you for the first espionage operation with an impact that is really worth to mention!

Edit: I forgot my screenshots Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (24)

Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (25)

Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (26)

Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (27)

Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (28)

Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (29)

Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (30)

Last edited:

  • 5
  • 2Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (31)
  • 1Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (32)

Reactions:

I

Ir0nSlug

Major
Aug 24, 2021
557
1.916
    • May 18, 2022
    • Add bookmark
    • #2

    Ha, found your post right after watching a video by Montu about it.
    Yeah it's pretty exciting! I hope it's only the first of many to come, since only a single empire per game can use this one.

    • 3Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (33)

    Reactions:

    • May 19, 2022
    • Add bookmark
    • #3

    It does seem to imply that for the most powerful espionage operations you may be default outed as the insigator. In the cosume star's case unless your militarily more powerful you may just end up dead since the victim receives the "ate out star" casus beli which is a total war wargoal.
    Then again this also indicative of the strongest effect your goign to be getting with an espionage operation as it's locked behind killing a levithan, so regular operation's are unlikely to be quite as impressive.

    An operation to trigger an revolution with the current revolt system would be quite insane since the revolting planent get's the 10 year forced truce afterwards.

    • 1

    Reactions:

    A2ch0n

    Spymaster

    21 Badges

    May 30, 2018
    1.409
    4.259
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (76)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (77)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (78)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (79)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (80)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (81)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (82)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (83)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (84)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (85)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (86)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (87)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (88)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (89)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (90)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (91)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (92)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (93)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (94)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (95)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (96)
    • May 19, 2022
    • Add bookmark
    • #4

    Xenith_Shadow said:

    It does seem to imply that for the most powerful espionage operations you may be default outed as the insigator

    I really hope this is not the case! It's all about staying hidden for what you've done. Especially in MP it is important that the target never know who used that operation. As soon this is common knowledge the complete espionage playstyle is done because everyone will attack the empire with this operation.

    Dementor4

    Lt. General

    14 Badges

    Feb 19, 2017
    1.371
    2.634
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (98)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (99)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (100)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (101)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (102)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (103)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (104)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (105)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (106)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (107)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (108)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (109)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (110)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (111)
    • May 19, 2022
    • Add bookmark
    • #5

    Xenith_Shadow said:

    you may just end up dead since the victim receives the "ate out star" casus beli which is a total war wargoal.

    Why this game just constantly kink shaming me though?

    • 1Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (112)

    Reactions:

    -Marauder-

    Field Marshal

    24 Badges

    May 1, 2016
    3.019
    8.942
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (114)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (115)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (116)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (117)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (118)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (119)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (120)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (121)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (122)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (123)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (124)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (125)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (126)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (127)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (128)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (129)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (130)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (131)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (132)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (133)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (134)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (135)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (136)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (137)
    • May 19, 2022
    • Add bookmark
    • #6

    A2ch0n said:

    I really hope this is not the case! It's all about staying hidden for what you've done. Especially in MP it is important that the target never know who used that operation. As soon this is common knowledge the complete espionage playstyle is done because everyone will attack the empire with this operation.

    I have to disagree here, this absolutely needs to be known. Otherwise this would become a way to destroy another Empire with zero counter play on their end. Because espionage is entirely uninteractive as it is right now and there is nothing the target can do about this whatsoever.

    • 1

    Reactions:

    A2ch0n

    Spymaster

    21 Badges

    May 30, 2018
    1.409
    4.259
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (139)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (140)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (141)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (142)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (143)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (144)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (145)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (146)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (147)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (148)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (149)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (150)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (151)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (152)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (153)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (154)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (155)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (156)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (157)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (158)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (159)
    • May 19, 2022
    • Add bookmark
    • #7

    -Marauder- said:

    I have to disagree here, this absolutely needs to be known. Otherwise this would become a way to destroy another Empire with zero counter play on their end. Because espionage is entirely uninteractive as it is right now and there is nothing the target can do about this whatsoever.

    Have you read my op? There is actually counterplay with the situation you get. You can even completely nullify it if you're fast enough.

    And it's about all what espionage is for. If you know who is the spy, a complete potential playstyle is lost for MP because you will never deceive someone. It's not only about this operation. It's about all of the operations that exist and are up to come. If you know who spies on you what will you do? Yes of course you will declare war until there is no spy left.

    And a spy focused empire is most likely more about diplomacy or trade at least from the outside and not so much warfocused. A spy player normally don't like warfare. You want to stay hidden, smile and play other empires against each other and manipulate conflicts to your liking by sabotage and deception.

    Incompetent

    Euroweenie in Exile

    61 Badges

    Sep 22, 2003
    8.987
    7.896
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (161)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (162)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (163)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (164)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (165)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (166)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (167)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (168)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (169)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (170)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (171)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (172)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (173)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (174)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (175)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (176)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (177)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (178)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (179)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (180)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (181)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (182)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (183)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (184)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (185)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (186)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (187)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (188)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (189)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (190)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (191)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (192)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (193)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (194)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (195)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (196)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (197)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (198)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (199)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (200)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (201)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (202)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (203)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (204)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (205)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (206)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (207)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (208)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (209)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (210)
    • May 19, 2022
    • Add bookmark
    • #8

    -Marauder- said:

    I have to disagree here, this absolutely needs to be known. Otherwise this would become a way to destroy another Empire with zero counter play on their end. Because espionage is entirely uninteractive as it is right now and there is nothing the target can do about this whatsoever.

    It's actually the structure I'd like to see more generally for major spy operations: the operation causes a Situation in the target, which can be countered (and isn't spammable since each empire can only have one instance of a given Situation at a time).

    More broadly, I think if espionage is becoming a more serious threat, we should have a Counterespionage operation that degrades the target's intelligence level on the operator, and can uncover operations against you. That way we can have more of an ongoing spy war between rivals as just a normal part of gameplay.

    • 1Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (211)

    Reactions:

    P

    Peter34

    Captain

    50 Badges

    Aug 27, 2018
    415
    541
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (212)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (213)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (214)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (215)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (216)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (217)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (218)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (219)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (220)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (221)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (222)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (223)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (224)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (225)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (226)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (227)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (228)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (229)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (230)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (231)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (232)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (233)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (234)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (235)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (236)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (237)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (238)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (239)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (240)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (241)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (242)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (243)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (244)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (245)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (246)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (247)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (248)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (249)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (250)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (251)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (252)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (253)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (254)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (255)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (256)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (257)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (258)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (259)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (260)
    • Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (261)
    • May 19, 2022
    • Add bookmark
    • #9

    Yes, it makes logical sense that especially major Spy Operations should involve a risk - not a certainty but a percentage risk - of the target finding out who did it.

    With further sophistication, it should be possible to combine a Spy Op with a False Flag attempt so that the target is at risk of getting the impression that a third party did it.

    The polity conducting the Spy Op should then be able to expend resources and opportunity cost to improve its odds of not being found out, or of successsfully doing the false flag, with actions such as spending truckloads of Influence, having an Edict running to build up some kind of Elite Spies value (+1 per month, max value 100?), sacrificing a Capital Planet Building Slot on a Spy Academy, or taking an Ascension Perk, or a Tradition (or a pick in an already-existing Tradition, i.e. Subterfuge).

    And yes, I agree that there must also be pro-active counter-espionage options. In fact that's how I usually rolled in Civ 5 and 6. I couldn't be arsed to do active espionage on other civs, so I just allocated my cloak-and-dagger people to counter-espionage instead.

    • 3Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (262)

    Reactions:

    Show hidden low quality content

    You must log in or register to reply here.

    Cool hidden "Consume Star" Espionage Operation! (2024)

    FAQs

    What are the rewards of the automated dreadnought in Stellaris? ›

    Defeating the Automated Dreadnought gives the following two choices:
    • Salvage the dreadnought for 5000 Energy and Minerals and 30x monthly (1000~5000) Engineering research.
    • Issue a special project to repair and use it that costs 50000 Engineering research.

    How to find pop id stellaris? ›

    Ship IDs can be read by hovering over a ship in the fleet window. Unless the starting system or galaxy were modded, the player's starting science ship will always be 0. Pop IDs can be read by hovering over a pop in the population tab.

    How do you find the Empire ID in Stellaris? ›

    Open the console and type debugtooltip, then hit enter. This shows all kinds of data also the ID for empires if you hover over their emblem / flag in the communications screen or in the galaxy view over their territory.

    How do you leave a war in Stellaris? ›

    So all you can do is wait for the AI to ask for peace or demand victory. The AI generally demands victory when the warscore is above 90%, so if you fight, the war will end. Otherwise, they generally try and vie for peace as soon as the 'length of war' modifier runs out, which takes a few years.

    How much fleet power does it take to beat automated dreadnought? ›

    How To Beat The Automated Dreadnought In Stellaris. Most of the Guardians in Stellaris can be reliably defeated by any fleet of around 40k Power, while more specialized fleets will have an easier time with them.

    Can the Imperium make more dreadnoughts? ›

    Others stand towering over their foes like elegantly-crafted statues ready to smite their enemies. It is now nearly impossible for most Chapters of the Adeptus Astartes to construct new Dreadnought chassis from scratch, as the technology and know-how is no longer available to the Imperium.

    How much people is 1 pop in Stellaris? ›

    There are about 1.1 billion people per pop.

    How to get grey Stellaris? ›

    A random Nanite World will have a Level 3 Surface Signature anomaly. Investigating it will reveal a nanite entity taking the form of a member of the species discovering it and explaining the history of the previous outcomes. Asking Gray to join you will add it to the Contacts menu.

    Do armies use pops Stellaris? ›

    The type of army recruited depends on the pop working the building that spawns them. Defense armies do not incur any upkeep beyond that of the building and pop which creates the army.

    How do you tell if an empire is a fallen empire Stellaris? ›

    Once revealed, organic Fallen Empires typically have a Dismissive attitude towards normal empires, and do not accept trades or envoys.

    How do I claim a world in Stellaris? ›

    In every system controlled by another empire, in the system view there's a little button with a “+” to the left of the empire flag at the bottom middle of the screen. This will place a claim on the system as well.

    How do you find an empire's capital in Stellaris? ›

    Capital[edit | edit source]

    An empire's capital planet and system are marked by gold star corners on the system and galaxy maps.

    What happens if you surrender in Stellaris? ›

    Surrender means that the victor's wargoal is enforced; any claims the winning side has on the losing side are automatically ceded regardless of occupation status and the defeated empire is forced to keep borders open towards the attacker for 10 years.

    How long is the truce in Stellaris? ›

    Borders are opened automatically: After a peace treaty, during 10-year truce between all war participants. Between overlords and their subjects. By certain resolutions in the Galactic Community or Galactic Imperium.

    How do you destroy a faction Stellaris? ›

    If the attractiveness of the ethic associated with a faction gets low enough, eventually the pops that believe in that ethic will shift to other ethics. If all of the pops that are members of the faction shift ethics then the faction will go away.

    What is the Dreadnaught Why is it significant? ›

    HMS Dreadnaught set a new standard for warships, forcing all other significant naval powers to develop their own similar ships, which became collectively known as dreadnoughts. But the rush to produce dreadnoughts was really a two-horse race between Britain and Germany in terms of numbers.

    What could the dreadnought do? ›

    Dreadnought carried 2,868 long tons (2,914 t) of coal, and an additional 1,120 long tons (1,140 t) of fuel oil that was to be sprayed on the coal to increase its burn rate. At full capacity, she could steam for 6,620 nautical miles (12,260 km; 7,620 mi) at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).

    How strong is the Stellarite Devourer? ›

    The Stellarite Devourer's offensive weapons include: Devouring Beam - An incredibly powerful XL weapon that can one-shot most ships, but deals 25% less damage to Shields and is fairly inaccurate. It also has an almost three-year cooldown, meaning that it will likely only fire once during the battle.

    References

    Top Articles
    Latest Posts
    Article information

    Author: Ray Christiansen

    Last Updated:

    Views: 6048

    Rating: 4.9 / 5 (49 voted)

    Reviews: 80% of readers found this page helpful

    Author information

    Name: Ray Christiansen

    Birthday: 1998-05-04

    Address: Apt. 814 34339 Sauer Islands, Hirtheville, GA 02446-8771

    Phone: +337636892828

    Job: Lead Hospitality Designer

    Hobby: Urban exploration, Tai chi, Lockpicking, Fashion, Gunsmithing, Pottery, Geocaching

    Introduction: My name is Ray Christiansen, I am a fair, good, cute, gentle, vast, glamorous, excited person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.